Spirometric parameters: hemodialysis compared to peritoneal dialysis

Introduction: Renal failure affects the mechanical and the ventilatory function of the lungs. A few studies have evaluated the ventilatory and pulmonary function in dialysis patients. The present study aimed to compare pulmonary function test [PFT] results in patients undergoing hemodialysis [Hd] and peritoneal dialysis [PD]

Materials and Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study on 50 patients with hemodialysis [HD] and 50 cases with PD who underwent PFT in Ghaem and Imam Reza Hospital, Mashhad, Iran from November 2010 to July 2012. Spirometric parameters including forced expiratory volume in 1s [FEV1], FEV1/forced vital capacity [FVC], forced expiratory flow 25-75% [FEF] and peak expiratory flow [PEF] were compared between the two groups of patients

Results: Approximately 68% of the HD patients, 66% of the PD patients, and 67% of all the studied cases showed a normal spirometric pattern. Moreover, there were no significant differences between the two groups considering the mean of the a forementioned spirometric parameters[restrictive ,obstructive pattern] [P=0.969]. However, an insignificant inverse correlation was observed between the duration of dialysis with FEV1 [r=0.381, P=0.008], FVC [r=-0.298, P=0.04], FEF 25-75% [r=0.43, P=0.003], PEF [r= 0.349, P=0.02] and FEV1/FVC [r=-0.363, P=0.01,] in the HD patients and between the patients' age with FEV1/FVC [r=0.03, P=0.02] in the PD patients

Conclusion: This study showed no significant difference in pulmonary function in hemo and peritoneal dialysis,so according this result ,both of the dialysis had the same affect on the lung function

Renal biopsy in glomerulonephritis

Glomerulonephritis [GN] is responsible for 25-30% of end-stage renal disease [ESRD] among all causes. Renal biopsy is important to determine the GN treatment method and its prognosis. In some cases, renal biopsy is required for definitive diagnosis. Biopsies were used as a diagnostic method in different disease from 1930. They were performed blindly and at bedside. Complication rate varies from 2 to 20% in different reports. Percutaneous renal biopsy is a routine diagnostic procedure in nephrology nowadays, and it should be individualized for each patient depending on their age, BMI, coagulation status and the availability of skilled radiologist. In this paper, we review image-guided renal biopsy in glomerulonephritis